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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE RAILWAY BUDGET – 2014-15

Achievements / Initiatives
· Major landmark achievement in National Project of Kashmir –
· State of Meghalaya and capital of Arunachal Pradesh to be on
Railway Map by this fiscal.
· Gauge Conversion of strategically important 510 km Rangiya –
Murkongselek line in Assam to be completed by this fiscal.
· XIth Five Year Plan Targets exceeded in New Lines (2,207 km) ,
Doubling (2,758 km) and Electrification (4,556 km), Production of
Diesel (1,288) & Electrical (1,218) Locos and Acquisition of Wagons
(64,875)
· Dedicated Freight Corridors on the Eastern and Western Routes –
leading to strategically critical capacity augmentation.
· Railways met from its own means the total additional impact of Rs
one lakh crore due to implementation of 6th Pay Commission
· In 2013-14, 1532 km of New Lines, Doubling and Gauge
Conversion commissioned.
· Production commenced at the new factories – Rail Wheel Plant,
Chhapra ; Rail Coach Factory, Rae Bareli ; and Diesel Component
Factory, Dankuni.
· Specially designed coaches for adverse weather condition for rail
travel in Kashmir.
· Successful development of Corrosion resistant, lighter wagons with
higher pay-load and speed potential upt 100kmph.
· Railways sportspersons dominate national events by winning titles
in 23 disciplines and runners up in 9 disciplines. In various
international championships a total of 2 Gold, 4 Silver and 3 Bronze
Medals won.
· Unigauge Policy started in 1992 has converted 19,214 km to Broad
Gauge, benefitting several States including Gujarat, Rajasthan,
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Assam
and Tamil Nadu.
Measures for improving Safety & Security
· No unmanned Level Crossing. A total of 5,400 unmanned level
crossings eleiminated – 2,310 by manning it and 3,090 by closure /
merger / construction of ROBs or RUBs.
· Improved audio – visual warning to road users in advance of
approaching trains.
· Induction of indigenously developed Train Collision Avoidance
System
· Development of ‘crashworthy’ coaches
· In last five years, offering employment to over one lakh persons in
Group C categories and to 1.6 lakh persons in erstwhile Group D
categories.
· Provision of Vigilance Control Device in all locomotives
· Various measures to prevent fire incidents on trains –
Ø Fire retardant materials
Ø Multi-tier protection for electric circuits
Ø Portable fire extinguishers in coaches
Ø Induction based cooking to replace LPG in pantry cars
Ø Intensive checks against explosives and inflammable
materials.
Financial Health
· Rail infrastructure by cost sharing arrangement with State
Governments; Karnataka, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Andhra
Pradesh and Haryana agreed to several projects
· Several Public Private Partnerships (PPP) projects are in the
pipeline.
· FDI being enabled to foster creation of world-class rail
infrastructure.
· Rail Land Development Authority raised Rs 937 crore so far.
Modernisation and Technology Induction
· High Speed Trains
Ø Joint feasibility study by India and Japan for Mumbai –
Ahmedabad Corridor to be co-financed by Japan
International Cooperation Agency
Ø Business Development Study by SNCF for Mumbai –
Ahmedabad corridor.
· Semi- High Speed Projects
Ø Exploring low cost option of speeds 160- 200 kmph on select
routes
Green Initiatives
· Railway Energy Management Company becomes functional.
Windmill and solar power plants to be set up with 40% subsidy from
Ministry of New & Renewable Energy.
· 200 Stations, rooftops of 26 buildings and 2,000 level crossing gates
to be covered.
· Railways bagged 22 out of 112 awards given by the Government.
· ‘Green Curtains’ along the track close to major stations; Pilot work
at Agra and Jaipur
· Coverage of Bio-toilets in 2,500 coaches and would be increased
progressively.
Passenger Friendly Initiatives
· Overwhelming public response to e-booking of ticket
· On-line tracking of exact location and running of train movements
· 51 Jan-Ahaar outlets for Janta Meals ; 48 passenger escalators
commisionsed at stations and 61 more being installed ; airconditioned
EMU services in Mumbai from July 2014 ; information
display system in important trains to indicate stations & arrival
time.
· ‘Upgradation’ scheme extended to AC Chair Car and Executive
Chair car passengers.
Demand Management through Dynamic Pricing
· Premium AC Special train introduced in Delhi – Mumbai Sector
with shorter advance reservation period and dynamically varying
premium over tatkal fare
Enhancing Market Share
· Clearing missing links in Carrying Capacity + 8 tonne routes;
freight train speeding ; upgradation of rolling stock ; increasing
length of trains ; tariff and incentive schemes to encourage traffic to
rail and minimizing empty running.
Rail Tariff Authority
· Independent Rail Tariff Authority set-up to advise on fixing of fares
and freight, to engage all stake-holders
Information Technology
· Initiatives taken include – proliferation of cash accepting
Automatic Ticket Vending Machines ; ticketing on mobile phones in
unreserved segments ; system update on PNR status; online
booking of retiring rooms at important stations ; online booking of
meals for selected en-route stations ; introduction of e-forwarding
note and electronic transmission of railway receipts for freight
customers
Revenue Freight Traffic
· Loading target of 1047 Million Tonnes for 2013-14 would be
surpassed
· Empty Flow Discount Scheme to be implemented
· Carrying Capacity + 9 tonne + 1 tonne routes being planned
· Easing of some restrictions on movement of imported commodities
through Containers
· Carrying capacity of 20 feet containers increased by 4 tonnes
· Parcel Terminals & Special Parcel Trains with scheduled timings.
· New policy on parcels to encourage transportation of milk.
· New concept of ‘hub and spoke’ for parcel business
· Third party warehousing in Special Parcel Terminals envisaged.
Financial Performance 2012-13
· Loading of 1,008 Million Tonnes surpassed the R.E. target of 1,007
Million Tonnes
· Paid full dividend Rs 5,389 crore to General Exchequer
· 90.2% Operating Ratio in 2012-13
· Repayment in full with interest of Rs 3,000 crore loan from the
Government
· Railway Fund Balances of Rs 2,391 crore
Financial Performance 2013-14
· Loading Target raised to 1,052 Million Tonne from B.E. 1,047
Million Tonne.
· Freight Earnings Target revised to Rs 94,000 crore from B.E. Rs
93,554 crore
· Stringent Financial control exercised and Ordinary Working
Expenses pegged only at Rs 560 crore higher than Budget
Estimates, despite various post-budgetary factors
· Plan Outlay revised to Rs 59,359 crore
· Operating Ratio likely to be 90.8%
· Fund Balances to continue to grow to Rs 8,018 crore
Budget Estimates 2014-15
· Loading target of 1,101 Million Tonnes
· Gross Traffic Receipts targeted at Rs 1,60,775 crore with Passenger
Earnings (Rs 45,255 crore), Goods (Rs 1,05,770 crore), Other
Coaching & Sundry Earnings (Rs 9,700 crore)
· Ordinary Working Expenses placed at Rs 1,10,649 crore, higher by
Rs 13,589 crore
· Pension Outgo budgeted at Rs 27,000 crore against Rs 24,000 crore
for 2013-14
· The entire Dividend of Rs 9,117 crore to General Exchquer will be
paid
· Fund Balances likely to be Rs 12,728 crore.
· Operating Ratio budgeted at 89.8%
Annual Plan 2014-15
· Annual Plan envisaged at Rs 64,305 crore with a Budgetary
Support of Rs 30,223 crore , Internal Resources of Rs 10,418 crore
and Extra Budgetary Resources of Rs 19,805 crore
· New Surveys : 19 New Lines & 5 Doubling
New Services
Ø New Trains
· 17 Premium trains
· 38 Express trains
· 10 Passenger trains
· 4 MEMU
· 3 DEMU
Ø Extension and Increase in frequency
· 3 Extension of trains
· 3 increase in frequency

राष्ट्रपति की अध्यादेश पाररि करने की शक्ति ( in hindi)

हाल ही में राष्ट्रपति के अध्यादेश पाररि करने की शक्ति चचाा में रही है। खाद्य सुरक्षा विधेयक जो
कक काांग्रेस के अध्यक्षा का सपनो का विधेयक है िो सांसद में फँस गया है । और सरकार बहुि गहनिा से सांसद
की प्रकियाओां को नज़रांदाज़ करके इस महत्िपूर्ा विधेयक को अध्यादेश के माध्यम से लाने का विचार
कर रही है ।
अध्यादेश क्या है ?
अध्यादेश एक विधान है जोकक सांसद/विधातयका के सत्र में न होने पर राष्ट्रपति/राज्यपाल द्िारा पाररि ककया
जािा है।
राष्ट्रपति की अध्यादेश पाररि करने की शक्क्ि
संविधान का अनुच्छेद १२३ राष्ट्रपति को जब सांसद सत्र में न हो अध्यादेश पाररि करने की शक्ति प्रदना
करिा है । इन अध्यादेशों का प्रभाि सांसद द्िारा बनाये गये कानूनों के समान ही है, लेककन ये
कानून अस्थायी प्रकृति के होिे है ।
ये अधधकार राष्ट्रपति को अत्यांि महत्िपूर्ा विषयों और ककसी आकक्ममक घटना का सामना करने के
ललए ददए गये है।
लेककन राष्ट्रपति के द्िारा इस शक्ति के उपयोग की चार तनम्नलिखिि सीमाएं है :
१. अध्यादेश कानून बनाने की समान्िर शक्ति नहीां है । राष्ट्रपति अध्यादेश िभी पाररि कर सकिा है जब
या िो कोई भी सदन सत्र में न हो या कोई एक सदन सत्र में न हो ।
2. राष्ट्रपति यदद संिुष्ट्ट है कक पररक्स्थतियां ऐसी है क्जसपे िुरंि काययिाही की आव्यशक्िा है िो िह
अध्यादेश पाररि कर सकिा है। लेककन राष्ट्रपति की सांिुक्ष्ट्ट को इस आधार पर की इसके पीछे बुरी तनयि
है न्यायलय में चुनौिी दी जा सकिी है ।
३. राष्ट्रपति की अध्यादेश पाररि करने की शक्ति समय को छोड़कर और सभी मामलों में सांसद के कानून
बनाने की शक्ति के बराबर है । इसका दो मिलब तनकलिा है :
अ) अध्यादेश केिि उन्ही विषयों पर पाररि ककया जा सकिा है क्जस पर संसद को कानून बनाने की शक्क्ि है । बी) अध्यादेश द्िारा मूि अधधकारों को तछना या कम नहीं ककया जा सकिा है । ४. प्रत्येक राष्ट्रपति द्िारा पाररि अध्यादेशों को जो की सांसद के सत्र पे न होने पे पाररि गए थे, संसद का सत्र शुरू होने पर दोनों सदनों के सामने रिना जरूरी है । यदद अध्यादेश दोनों सदनों द्िारा पाररि कर ददया जािा है िो िो कानून बन जािा है। लेककन यदद सांसद अध्यादेश पर कोई तनर्ाय नहीां लेिी िो ६ सप्िाह का समय समाप्ि होने पर अध्यादेश मथधगि हो जायेगा । अध्यादेश तब भी स्थगित हो जाता है जब दोनों सदनों में अध्यादेश के नापसन्दी का प्रस्ताव पास हो जाये । उस अवस्था में जब संसद अध्यादेश को समथथन नहीं करती अध्यादेश की अधिकतम आयु ६ माह और ६ सप्ताह होती है । राष्ट्रपति भी अध्यादेश को ककसी भी समय िावपस ले सकिा है। अवपिु, राष्ट्रपति की अध्यादेश पाररि करने की शक्ति िुद के वििेक पर तनभयर नही करिी, िह अध्यादेश को पाररि और िावपस केिि प्रधानमंत्री की अध्यक्षिा ििे मंत्री मंडि की सिाह पे ही िे सकिा है । अध्यादेश हो सकिा है १. बीिे हुए समय से िागु हो सकिा है २. संसद के ककसी भी कानून में बदिाि या तनरस्ि कर सकिा है ३. ककसी भी कर कानून को बदि या सुधार सकिा है ४. संविधान संशोधन नहीं कर सकिा है लोक सभा के तनयमों के अनुसार जब भी कोई विधेयक जोकक अध्यादेश का मथान लेने के ललए लाया गया है सदन के सामने प्रमिाविि ककया जािा है , िो एक कथन जो की उन पररक्स्थतियों की व्याख्या करिा हो जो कक अध्यादेश पाररि करने के लिए उत्िरदायी थे को भी सदन के सामने रिना पड़िा है ।